Ukunciphisa ukuhlaziywa kwemakethe kanye nethemba

Ukunciphisa ukuhlaziywa kwemakethe kanye nethemba

ukufinyeza kuwuhlobo lwamafutha aqinile asetshenziswa ekucubunguleni ukudla lapho ingxenye eyinhloko ingamafutha emifino noma amafutha ezilwane. Ukunciphisa kusetshenziswa kakhulu ekubhakeni, ekuthoseni nakwezinye izinkambu zokucubungula ukudla, inhloso enkulu ukukhulisa ukucwazimula nokunambitha kokudla. Ngokuthuthuka kwemboni yezokudla yomhlaba wonke, imboni yokufushanisa nayo iyakhula futhi ikhombisa ukuthambekela kokuhlukahluka kanye nezinga eliphezulu.

Uhlolojikelele lwemakethe yokunciphisa umhlaba

Imakethe yokufinyeza emhlabeni jikelele ikhombise ukukhula okuqhubekayo eminyakeni yamuva nje, futhi izinga lemakethe liye landa unyaka nonyaka. Ngokombiko wocwaningo lwemakethe, abashayeli abakhulu bemakethe efinyezwayo emhlabeni wonke yisidingo esikhulayo sezimpahla ezibhakwayo, ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemboni yokucubungula ukudla, kanye nokuphishekela kwabathengi ukudla okuseqophelweni eliphezulu. Ikakhulukazi ezimakethe ezisafufusa, njengesifunda sase-Asia-Pacific, eLatin America nakwezinye izindawo, ngokuthuthukiswa komnotho kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamazinga okuphila, ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yokubhaka kanye nokudla okusheshayo kuye kwanda kakhulu, okuqhubekisela phambili ukukhushulwa komnotho. imakethe yokunciphisa.

Izitayela nezinselelo zemboni

1. Impilo nokudla okunomsoco: Ngokuduma kwemiqondo yokudla okunempilo, abathengi bayakuqaphela ukufinyeza okuqukethe ama-trans fatty acid namafutha agcwele. Kuze kube manje, imboni iyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa futhi ikhuthaze i-trans fatty acid ephansi, imikhiqizo enciphisa amafutha agcwele kancane, efana nokusetshenziswa kwamafutha esundu, uwoyela kabhekilanga, uwoyela kabhontshisi wesoya nezinye izinto ezingavuthiwe ukuze zithathe indawo yamafutha ezilwane ezivamile.

2. Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokusimama: Abakhiqizi abaningi abafinyezayo sebeqalile ukugxila ekuvikelweni kwemvelo kanye nokusimama, ngokuthuthukisa izinqubo zokukhiqiza, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokwamukela imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ukuze bazuze ukukhiqizwa okuluhlaza. Isibonelo, ukuphathwa okusimeme kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kukawoyela wesundu sekuyinto okugxilwe kuyo yimboni.

3. Ukuqamba okusha kwezobuchwepheshe: Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula okuthuthukisiwe busetshenziswe kabanzi ekunciphiseni ukukhiqizwa, njengokuguqulwa kwe-enzymatic, i-supercritical fluid extraction, i-distillation yamangqamuzana nobunye ubuchwepheshe, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.

Ukunciphisa imishini yokucubungula

Ukukhiqizwa kokufushanisa kuhilela izixhumanisi eziningi zenqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi kudinga imishini ephakeme. Imishini eyinhloko ihlanganisa:

1. Imishini yokucwenga uwoyela: okuhlanganisa ukususa i-acidification, ukubola, ukubola, ukuqeda iphunga nezinye izinqubo zemishini, esetshenziselwa ukususa ukungcola kanye nephunga elibi emafutheni aluhlaza, ukuthuthukisa izinga likawoyela.

2. Imishini ye-Hydrogenation: Uwoyela wemifino owuketshezi uguqulwa ube ngamafutha aqinile noma aqinile ngenqubo ye-catalytic hydrogenation ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza nokuqina kwamafutha.

3. I-Crystallization kanye nemishini yokupholisa: esetshenziselwa ukulawula inqubo ye-crystallization yamafutha ukuze kwakheke isakhiwo sekristalu esifanelekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo ezingokomzimba nokuzinza kokufinyeza (i-scraped surface heat exchanger, SSHE).

4. Ukuxuba kanye nemishini yokwenza i-homogenizing: hlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamafutha namafutha, futhi wenze i-homogenize imikhiqizo ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwekhwalithi (umshini we-pin rotor).

5. Imishini yokupakisha: esetshenziselwa ukupakisha ukufinyeza okuphelile, amafomu avamile ahlanganisa amabhokisi, amathini ensimbi, amabhakede epulasitiki, njll, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende ahlukene.

Umbono wekusasa

Esikhathini esizayo, ngenqubekelaphambili yesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nezinguquko ezidingweni zabathengi, imboni yokunciphisa izoqhubeka nokuthuthuka ekuqondeni kwezempilo, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nobuhlakani. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezintsha zokusetshenziswa, ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubo zokukhiqiza eziluhlaza kanye nokuthandwa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuhlakaniphile kuzoletha amathuba amaningi nezinselele embonini yokunciphisa. Izinkampani zidinga ukuhambisana namathrendi emakethe futhi zihlale zisungula izinto ezintsha ukuze zihlangabezane nesidingo semakethe yomhlaba wonke semikhiqizo yokufinyeza yekhwalithi ephezulu. ukufinyeza kuwuhlobo lwamafutha aqinile asetshenziswa ekucubunguleni ukudla lapho ingxenye eyinhloko ingamafutha emifino noma amafutha ezilwane. Ukunciphisa kusetshenziswa kakhulu ekubhakeni, ekuthoseni nakwezinye izinkambu zokucubungula ukudla, inhloso enkulu ukukhulisa ukucwazimula nokunambitha kokudla. Ngokuthuthuka kwemboni yezokudla emhlabeni wonke, imboni yokufushanisa nayo iyakhula futhi ikhombisa ukuthambekela kokuhlukahluka kanye nezinga eliphezulu.